Motor cylinder



Feb; 21, 1928.

J. G. VINCENT MOTOR 'CYLINDER 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed Feb. '7, .1920

Feb. 21, 1928.

J, G. VINCENT MOTOR CYLINDER 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 Filed Feb. '7, 1920 Patented Feb. 21, 1928.

UNITED STATES 7 1,659,676 PATENT OFFICE.

JESSE G. VINCENT, OF DETROIT, MICHIGAN, ASSIGNOR TO PACKARD MOTOR CAB COH- IANY, OI DETROIT, MICHIGAN, A CORPORATION OF MICHIGAN.

Moron CYLINDER.

Application fled February 7, 1920. Serial 110. 357,028.

This invention relates to motor cylinders and to the head construction thereof.

In certain types of hydrocarbon motors, as

is well known, the inlet and exhaust valves are mounted in the c linder head. In so mountin the valves',difliculty has been experience where more than two valvesare to be mounted in a head. This difficulty arises from the fact that if the valves are 1 tilted sufliciently to be disposed normal to the spherical surface of the cylinder head then the pairs of valves-assuming that two or more pairs are used-will not be in parallel alinement for convenient operation by the cam shaft. Moreover, unless the valve stems are arranged substantially normal to the spherical surface of the cylinder head it will be necessary to form pockets in the head and these pockets would necessitate variations in the thickness of the head,

making it diilicult to cool the head uniformly.

With the above difficulties in mind, the

present invention has for its object to provide a light construction of motor cylinder, while at the same time providing a strong and rigid construction that will withstand ihe intense heat encountered by such cyliners. 6

Another object is to provide a cylinder that may be easily and accurately manufactured.

Another object is to provide an improved method of manufacturing cylinders by means of which the cylinders may be easily machined and finished.

Further objects will appear as the de- I scription proceeds.

With these objects in view, the invention consists preferably of forming the body or barrel and the cylinder head separately, the latter being secured to the former in some suitable manner as by welding. f

In order that the valve stems may be prop- 45. erly positioned, in the embodiment of the invention illustrated, the upper end of the barrel ofthe cylinder is peaked or beveledand the head is made angular to fit the beveled upper end of the barrel of the cylinder. I

The intake and exhaust conduits or elbows are preferably welded to the head and are so connected together as to'insure a strong and rigid construction.

the holdin flange 23 it is machin One embodiment of the invention has been and in these drawings:

Figure 1 is a vertical, longitudinal section, partly broken away, illustrating my improved cylinder construction;

' Figure 2 is a top plan view; part1 broken I illustrated in the accompanying drawings away, showing the construction i ustrated in Figure '1; Figure 3 is a perspectiveview of the cylmder barrel after it has been machined;

Figure 4 is a side elevation of the cylinder head;

Figure 5 is a top plan view of the construction shown in Figure 4;

Figure 6 is a side elevation of the intake elbows and bracing arms connected thereto;

Figure 7 is a top plan viewof the construction shown in Figure 6;

. Figure 8 is a side elevation showing one.

of the exhaust elbow forgings;

Figure 9 is a plan view of the construction shown in Figure 8;

Figure 10 is an end elevation of the late through which extend the intake el ows and water outlet conduit;

Figure 11 is a detail elevational view, partly in section and partly broken away, showing the cylinder head construction;

Figure 12 is a perspective view of the forging forming the bracing arms for the intake elbows;

Figure 13 is a vertical sectional view illustrating the method of making the cylinder and particularly the method of supporting the cylinder head plate in position for Welding;

Figure 14 is a sectional view on an enlarged scale showin the spark plug bosses Welded to the cylin er barrel and Figure 15 is a sectional view similar to Figure 14 but showing a portion of the cylinder head plate positioning member.

The barrel 23 of the cylinder utilized in my improved construction is preferably formed from a steel drop forgin After the barrel has been upset to roug 1 form inside and outsi e'and the u per or head end of the barrel is beveled om the center outwardly as shown at 24.

Suitable bosses 25 for the reception of the spark plugs are secured to the iametrically opposite sides of the barrel, preferably v after stated.

b welding, as shown at 26 in -Figure 1. e weldin of the bosses may be a rough job since t e.i nterior of the head end of the cylinder and the'inner ends oftlie bosses are machined after the bosses have .been

welded. The bosses are tlien drilled but preferably not tapped for reasons 'herein- The upper or head end of the cylinder is closed'by an angular plate 28 w ich conforms to'the-beveled upper end of the cylinder. and is machined cylindrically so that it will fit withimthe extreme upper end of the cylinder barrel and close the combustion space thereof. This plate or cylinder head has valve seats or ports 29 and 30 formed in its inclined faces, the two ports 29 accommodating the intake valves and the two ports 30 the exhaust valves.

For positioning the cylinder ,head plate. for welding, a tool 25 is inserted from the opposite end of the barrel- One form of this 4 tool is shown in detail in Figure 13 and it.

comprises a head 26 and a idin block 27 substantially the size of t e inside of the cylinderv barrel. The tool head 26' is adapted-to support the angular head plate 28 in position for welding and to support this ar ticularform of head plate the head has eveled portions 28' corresponding in shape'to' the beveled portions of the head plate. H The head 26 is preferabl plurality of sections 299w ich'are adapted made up of a to be expanded by a screw 30'.

In order to accurately position the tool head 26 vertically and angularly in thIe head end of the cylinder barrel, the for er isprovided with a pair'of diametrically op-' posed radial openings 31 which are adapted to receive guiding or positioning pins 32', the pins extendin through the drilled bosses 25. The reason or not tappmg the bosses will now be evident as the insertion of the pins 32' might injure the threads. 7

After the tool has beeninserted in the cylinder barrel, the pins 32' are inserted in the openings30' of the toolhead and the I head is then expanded into engagement withthe walls of the c linder combustion s ace.

The cylinder hea plate 28 is then p aced 1n position on the upper surface of the tool Each 0 the elbows 31, 32 has formed in tegral. thwvith avalve stem idingmember 34, the guiding members or the intake valve stems being disposedat an angle to the guiding members of the exhaust elbows. In order to securely position the elbows and valve stem guiding members with re-- spect to each other, a bracing member 1s -pro- 'vided, this member comprising a single, forging and having a general U shape,.the cross member 35 of the bracing member having apertured bosses 36 at its ends to receive the valve stem guiding members for the intake elbows, the guiding members be ing welded to the bosses 36. A pair of arms 37 project outwardly from the ends of the.

cross member 35 and from the bosses 36,

.these arms having formed thereon bosses 37 to which are welded the valve stem guiding members for the exhaust elbows. The bracing member has also formed integral therewith a conduit 38 which forms the water outlet for the water jacket hereinafter described, the water entering the jacket through a conduit 38'.

.A water jacket 39 surrounds the cylinder and head,- the jacket being secured, preferably by welding to a down-turned flange 40 formed on the cylinder barrel andto flanges 41 formed on bosses 25, flan es 42 formed on the intake 'and exhaust el ows, flan es 43 formed on the bosses 36 and 37 carried by the bracing member and a flange 44 formed on the water conduit 38.

- A plate 45 is welded to the outer ends of the outer end of the intake elbows 31 and t0 conduit 38.

It will thus be seen that ta simple, practical and eflicient method'has been provided for manufacturing a' light,stro'ng. and rigid I hydrocarbon motor cylinder.

-While one specific embodiment of the invention has been illustrated in the 'accompanyingdrawings, it should be understood that the invention is capable of modification and that modifications and changes in the construction anotinv the arrangement of the cooperatin parts and in the method of forming t e improved cylinder may be made without departing from the spirit or scope of the'invention as ,expressed in the following claims.

WhatI claim and desire to secure'by Letters Patent isz' 1. A cylinder for hydrocarbon motors comprising a barrel having a beveled upper end, and aseparately formed angular head rigidly secured to said barrel within. th beveled upper end-of said barrel.

- 2. A cylinder for hydrocarbon motors comprising a barrel having an upper end I beveled from the center outwardly,-and a separately formed'angular head" rigidl .se-

cured to said barrel within thebevel upper end thereof.

3. cy der for hydrocarbon motors- I comprising a barrel havmg a beveled 11 per ar dead end, and a se ara't'el formed an' welded to sai barre flush with e beveled center to the outer edge.

imam c. A cylinder flor easemmom comprising'a' barrel ha a beveled upper end, a head welded to the arrel and having diametrically opposite side portions disposed at anangle with respect to each other a pairof valve seats formed in each oi opposite portions, intake elbows secured to said head and with the valve seats on one portion of said head,and exhaust elbows secured to saidhead and registering with the valve seats on the opposite portion. g

' '7. A cylinder for hydrocarbon motors comprising, in combination, a barrel, a sepa- ,rately formed cylinder head welded thereto, intake and exhaust elbows welded to said head on opposite sidertions thereof and bracing means for rigidly connecting said intake and exhaust elbows.

' diametrically opposite Side sideso saidri side portions (1 N u at an angle with respect to each other, each portion having a pair of valve seats therein. p

9. In a cylinder head, a head plate ,ha diametrically opposite side portions at an angle with respect to each other, each side portion having a pair of valve seats tlerleln, Ithe give seats on each side lporltion o t epate l:00; i ins. e am and the slams of the two sets of sa es arfiange at an angle with respect to eac ot er. v

10. A cylinder head comprlsmg' in combination, an head plate, a pair of intake elbows welded to one side said head plate and a pair of exhaust elbows welded to the diametrically opposite side portion of said head glate.

'11. A cylinder ead comprising, in combination, a head late a central ti and ally I :n-r.

8. Ina cylinder head, a head plate I mans on opposite a pa ii of elbows welded VA toeachoftheportlonsofsaidheadplatecn a cylindrical .7 ho

bracing "with said exhaust elbows.

- valve stem formed integral therewith.

portion of.

the 't esidmofnidri andahracij menmnnected to each "d elbows.

12. A cylinder head cumprisingfln combination, a head plate, a 'pair of intake elws, apair' of exhaust elbows, and rigid 'meamsaid intake elbows bination, a head plate having 13.,Acylinder comp in com- "133%., haust el and bows secured thereto ides and means for bracing andex said elbows including a member adapted to receive and be secured to said des. 14. A- cylinder head gm comp 1n combinati'on. a head plate having me and exhaust elbows secured thereto, and valve stem guides, and means for bracing said elbows including a rtions receiving said guides and w d thereto.

15. A cylinder head comp in combination, a head plate having in and exhaust elbows secured thereto, and having valve stem guides. and means for b said elbows including an integrally form member having means receiving said ides carried by the intake and exhaust bows and welded thereto.

16. A cylinder head comprising, in combination; a head plate having and exhaust elbows secured thereto, and "having valve stem guides, and means for bracing said elbows including a member welded to saidguides and having" a water conduit 17. In a cylinder head for hydrocarbon motors, a conduit int therewith, a valve stem guiding member orged integrally with said conduit and means for said valve stem guiding member.

18. In a cylinder head, intake and exhaust elbows integral with said head, valve stem guiding members forged integral with said elbows and means for bracing said members and Eporting a water jacket for said head. 19. an engine cylinder head construction, a head member joined with the cylinder, valve seats and ports rovided th separate valve guides join with said h at said ports,

5 g -serving to reinforce said In testimony whereof I afix my signature.

' JESSE c. VINCENT.

means ml; said A 

